Busan, kuwa 30 Ugushyingo 2011

Nyakubahwa, Lee Myung-Bak, Perezida wa Repubulika ya Koreya;
Nyakubahwa Meles Zenawi, Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Etiyopiya
Nyakubahwa Ban Ki-moon, Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye;
Nyakubahwa Hillary Clinton, Umunyamabanga wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika;
Nyir’icyubahiro Rania, Umwamikazi wa Yorudaniya;
Ba Nyakubahwa muhagarariye ibihugu bitandukanye
Ba Minisitiri;
Namwe mwese muteraniye hano:

Nishimiye kuba ndi hano uyu munsi, nkafatanya namwe muri ibi biganiro bigamije gushaka uburyo inkunga zakoreshwa neza nk’imwe mu nkingi z’ iterambere rirambye.

Birakwiriye rwose kuba iki kiganiro kibereye muri Koreya kuko mu myaka mirongo itanu ishize, cyari igihugu kibeshwaho n’inkunga none ubu ni igihugu cyateye imbere mu by’inganda ndetse gifasha ibindi bihugu kwiteza imbere. Ibihugu by’Aziya byinshi nabyo byanyuze muri iyo nzira.

Muri icyo gihe n’ubundi, miliyari zigera ku gihumbi z’amadorari y’Amerika z’inkunga zahawe Afurika. Ariko umusaruro w’umuturage uyu munsi uri hasi ugereranyije no mu w’1970, kandi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abaturage (bagera kuri miliyoni 500) babaho mu bukene. Kuri uwo muvuduko ibihugu byinshi by’Afurika ntibyabasha kugera kuri nyinshi mu ntego z’ikinyagihumbi.

Biragaragara ko n’ubwo dukora byinshi ngo haboneke inkunga, ndetse tugahura buri gihe tukareba uko zikoreshwa, ntabwo umusaruro dukeneye muri Afurika ariwo uboneka.

N’ubundi kandi, mu myaka nka makumyabiri ishize, ibihugu by’Afurika byazamutse mu bukungu ku kigereranyo kiri hagati ya 5-8% n’ubwo habonetse ishoramari rivuye hanze richiriritse n’ubukungu kw’isi bugahungabana. Uwo musaruro mwiza ushingiye ku ishoramali riciriritse ni ikimenyetso cyiza cy’uko Afurika itanga icyizere nyacyo.

Ibyo bikorwa bibiri bivuguruzanya biraduha umurongo wo kuganira ku ikoreshwa neza ry’inkunga kandi biratuma twibaza ibibazo bikomeye. Kuki inkunga nini ntacyo zagezeho hanyuma ishoramali rito rigatanga umusaruro? Ni gute twakoresha inkunga zikatugeza ku iterambere nyaryo rituma tubasha kwihaza?

Nk’uko bigaragara, uburyo buhamye bwo gutekereza uko twakoresha umutungo wacu, harimo n’izo inkunga, burakenewe.

Kandi nemera ko tudashobora kuvuga ku ikoreshwa neza ry’inkunga tutavuze imbogamizi zituma zitagera ku byo zigenewe.

Nk’uko amateka ya Aziya abyerekana, ni politiki nziza y’ubukungu n’ishoramari byatumye miliyoni z’abaturage b’Aziya bagera ku iterambere.

Twakagombye reo kuba tuganira ku bijyanye n’ikoreshwa rikwiriye ry’inkunga tubihuza n’ubucuruzi n’ishoramari. Nakongeraho kandi umurongo w’imikorere n’amategeko bisobanutse, ndetse n’uburyo busobanutse bizakorwamo.

Ba Nyakubahwa;

Nta mpaka zagibwa ku mahame y’ikoreshwa ry’inkunga twemeranijwe mu nama z’ubushize: uburenganzira bw’igihugu mu gukoresha inkunga, kugendera ku bintu byihutirwa kuri buri gihugu, igenzuramikorere n’ibindi. Uko mbyumva, tugomba kurenga imbibi z’imiterere n’imico ituma tutagera ku ntego zacu, ubundi zigaragara neza.

Nk’urugero i Paris twariyemeje, ndetse tubyanzurira Accra, ko inkunga zanyuzwa mu nzego zisanzwe z’ibihugu mu buryo bwo kongera imbaraga z’ibihugu bikabasha gushyira mu bikorwa imigambi y’iterambere, gukora neza ingengo y’imari no gutanga za serivisi. Byasobanuraga kandi kubaka umusingi w’ubushobozi burambye n’igenzuramikorere hagamijwe umusaruro w’amajyambere.

Mu byo dukora, turacyafite bimwe muri ibyo bibazo. Ibihugu bimwe bitanga inkunga biracyaseta ibirenge mu kuyinyuza mu nzego zisanzwe z’igihugu, ari nabyo bituma ikoreshwa ry’inkunga n’igenzuramikorere bitagaragara neza. N’ubwo batanengerwa kurenga izo nzego zidakora neza bonyine, cyangwa ko zitabaho, kuki tutakoresha izo nkunga mu kubaka no guha ubushobozi izo nzego za ngombwa?

Urugero rufatika ni ubufatanye hagati ya “Africa Governance Initiative”, umushinga wa Tony Blair, hamwe na Leta y’u Rwanda, ukoresha inkunga mu gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga y’iterambere no kongera ubushobozi n’ubumenyi.

Abandi bafatanyabikorwa nka Leta y’U Bwongereza, Umuryango w’ibihugu by’i Burayi, Banki y’Isi, Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere tuvuze ibigo bike, bemeye inzego zacu bahitamo kunyuza inkunga yabo mu ngengo y’imali hanyuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bwacu. Ibyo byatumye imikoreshereze y’umutungu ikorerwa ku mugaragaro kandi utayikoresheje neza akabibazwa. Uko ibihe byagiye bigenda, bahindutse abafatanyabikorwa bifuza ko n’inzego zacu zarushaho kwiyubakira ubushobozi; turacyakomeza gufatanya kandi ibikorwa byiza tuzageraho bikabera ubuhamya n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa batemera iyi gahunda.

Naho ubundi, iyo inzego nyinshi zikoreye hamwe imyanzuro yazo igashyirwa mu bikorwa, bigira ingaruka nziza ku ikoreshwa ry’ umutungo w’igihugu.
Ibi bishobora kubangamira umubano hagati ya Guverinoma n’abaturage iyo abayobozi bagaragaje intege nke mu gushyira imbere ibyo abaturage bakeneye. Igihe igihugu kitabasha gucunga umutungo gifite neza, cyagenzurwa gite? Inshingano, kumenya ko wikorera ibintu ndetse n’igenzuramikorere ni ibintu bidashobora gutandukanywa.

Twemeranije ku kamaro k’ubufatanye mu igenzuramikorere dukoreye hamwe rigamije amajyambere. Ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere biragenzurwa kugirango hamenyekane niba gahunda zijyanye n’iterambere zihutirwa zaragezweho. Naho abaterankunga bafite inshingano zo gushyira mu bikorwa imyanzuro iba yafatiwe mu nama mpuzamahanga nk’iyi.

Mu by’ukuri, ihame ry’ubufatanye mu igenzuramikorere ntiryigeze rikoreshwa ku buryo bungana kandi busobanutse. Mu gihe ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere byotswa igitutu ngo byubahirize iby’igenzuramikorere, byaragaragaye ko bamwe mu baterankunga badashaka kubikora. Ibi rero iteka bikurikirwa no kugaragaza ko inkunga zidakoreshwa neza, bikaba iturufu yo kudashyira mu bikorwa ibyo biyemeje.

Mu buryo nk’ubwo rero, hari ikibazo gikomeye cyane ko ibyagezweho binyuze mu nkunga bishobora kuba bimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi bigize inzira yacu y’amajyambere, cyangwa tukabyubakaho icyizere igihe cyose; ndetse bigatuma imikorere y’ibihugu byacu iteshwa agaciro kandi ahubwo yagakwiye kongererwa imbaraga.

Ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere bimara igihe n’ingufu byumvikana n’abaterankunga ku bijyanye n’imigenzurire n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta yiyongera buri gihe kurusha uko imirimo y’iterambere yahabwa agaciro rimwe na rimwe bigatera ibibazo bihoraho bitajya bibonerwa ibisubizo.
Ba Nyakubahwa;

Gukenera gukuraho imbogamizi z’ikoreshwa ry’inkunga bivuze ko tugomba gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo twiyemeje twihutisha ibikorwa n’inshingano twihaye mu masezerano y’i Paris. Ariko ibi bizagerwaho ari uko inkunga idafashwe nk’ubugiraneza busanzwe ahubwo igafatwa nk’ishoramari ku bw’inyungu rusange. Ikoreshwa neza ry’inkunga riganisha abantu ku nyungu n’ubuzima bwiza bityo bigateza imbere isi muri rusange kandi bikaba byiza ku bucuruzi.

Njyewe uko mbibona, ikoreshwa neza ry’inkunga ni ugushyiraho uburyo butuma imfashanyo zitaba ngombwa. Amateka atwereka ingero nyinshi zo hirya no hino ku isi- Ibi birashoboka.

Kandi ubwo twahuriye ku mugabane wa Aziya, reka nongereho ko inshingano zo gutanga inkunga zikwiriye kwaguka ntibigume ku bihugu byateye imbere gusa ahubwo zikagera cyane cyane ku bihugu bitera imbere. Hari byinshi twakungukiramo.

Ibihugu bizamuka cyane mu bukungu byumva neza icyo bisaba kuva mu bukene ndetse bifite amasomo menshi byagenera ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere, kuko bizi neza igikwiriye gukorwa ndetse n’icyakunda. Uku guhindura imikorrere bisobanuye gushimangira imikoranire y’ibihugu biri gutera imbere cyane n’ibihugu biri mu nzira y’iterambere ndetse no kubishyira mu ngingo z’ingenzi za gahunda y’iterambere mpuzamahanga. Ibi nibyo byagakwiriye kuzajya biranga ibiganiro ku iterambere ndetse bikaba inyibutse ntakuka ya Busan.

Nagirango nshimangire ko nta bufasha bw’ikirenga igihugu kiyobowe neza kiba gikeneye mu kwigeza ku iterambere. Igihugu nk’iki kibasha kwishyiriraho gahunda z’amajyambere no kuzishyira mu bikorwa, gifite ubushobozi kandi bwo kuvugana mu buryo busobanutse n’abafatanyabikorwa. Iyo ubuyobozi bw’igihugu bukora neza, buha icyizere abaterankunga kandi nabo barushaho kubwizera- ibi nibyo bikenewe kugirango habeho iterambere.

Mu gusoza, reka nsubiremo ko inkunga zishobora kugira umumaro mu kugera ku ntego z’ iterambere ryacu, mu gihe twongereye ubwizerane mu mikoranire yacu, kandi tukemera ko izi ari inshingano za buri wese, zubatse ku ntego n’indangagaciro zacu.

Intego yacu yagakwiye gutuma iyi nama ya Busan ifata imyanzuro, ibikorwa n’intego zihamye zo gushimangira imikoranire y’ibihugu yuje ubwubahane- twubakire kuri gahunda zijyanye n’inkunga n’imikoranire mu iterambere twari twihaye.

Mbifurije imyanzuro myiza y’inama, murakoze cyane.